Types of Nouns
| COUNTABLE NOUNS | ||
|---|---|---|
|
|
TN01 TN02 | |
| #1 | Countable nouns are things we can count, and they have a singular and plural form. We put 'a/an' before countable nouns in the singular: A/AN + SINGULAR COUNTABLE NOUN + SINGULAR VERB |
A
+
SINGULAR COUNTABLE NOUN
+
SINGULAR VERB
|
| A car is something we can't do without. INDEFINITE ARTICLE + NOUN | ||
|
|
TN01 TN02 | |
| #2 | We don't put 'a/an' before plural countable nouns. The plural form of a verb is used with a plural countable noun: PLURAL COUNTABLE NOUN + PLURAL VERB |
PLURAL COUNTABLE NOUN
+
PLURAL VERB
|
| Animals are usually afraid of fire. ANIMALS = ANIMALS IN GENERAL | ||
|
|
TN05 | |
| #3 | Some nouns in English have only a plural form. They are called plural-only nouns: PLURAL-ONLY NOUN + PLURAL VERB |
PLURAL-ONLY NOUN
+
PLURAL VERB
|
| Earnings have risen comparably in the computer industry. | ||
| NOUNS THAT ARE ALWAYS PLURAL (PLURALE TANTUM) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TN05 | ||||||
| APPAREL AND GARMENTS (TWO PARTS/LEGS) | pyjamas | knickers | trousers | shorts | tights | braces |
| MONEY AND FINANCES | earnings | funds | wages | savings | arrears | proceeds |
| OUTDOORS AND SURROUNDINGS | outskirts | stairs | premises | surroundings | barracks | |
| TOOLS AND INSTRUMENTS (TWO PARTS) | scissors | tweezers | spectacles | pliers | scales | binoculars |
| MISCELLANEOUS | congratulations | sideboards | thanks | arms | castanets | hysterics |
| UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS | ||
|---|---|---|
|
|
TN01 TN02 | |
| #1 | Uncountable nouns are nouns which cannot be counted, and they usually have no plural. They are used with a singular verb: UNCOUNTABLE NOUN + SINGULAR VERB |
UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
+
SINGULAR VERB
|
| Ice water is the only thing that really quenches my thirst. | ||
|
|
TN01 TN02 | |
| #2 | We cannot use 'a/an or one' with uncountable nouns, but we can use 'some, any, no, (a) little, much', etc.: DETERMINER + UNCOUNTABLE NOUN + SINGULAR VERB |
SOME
+
UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
+
SINGULAR VERB
|
| Some coffee is bitter if it is brewed for too long. SOME + POSITIVE SENTENCE | ||
|
|
TN05 TN09 | |
| #3 | Some nouns end in -s (games, diseases) or -ics but are uncountable and take a singular verb: S/ICS NOUN + SINGULAR VERB |
S/ICS NOUN
+
SINGULAR VERB
|
| Aerobics is one of the most stimulating forms of exercise. | ||
| TYPES OF UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ABSTRACT IDEAS | knowledge | progress | truth | peace | time | freedom |
| COLLECTIONS OF THINGS | luggage | money | jewellery | rubbish | furniture | machinery |
| DISEASES | asthma | flu | cancer | dementia | chickenpox | pneumonia |
| FEELINGS | sadness | gratitude | hostility | terror | regret | happiness |
| GASES | air | oxygen | neon | ozone | helium | smog |
| LANGUAGES | Spanish | Polish | Dutch | French | German | Chinese |
| LIQUIDS | water | milk | wine | honey | oil | juice |
| MATERIALS | paper | wood | silver | leather | sand | gold |
| SPORTS | football | windsurfing | motocross | golf | tennis | basketball |
| SUBJECTS | literature | photography | history | geometry | geography | biology |
| WEATHER | snow | rain | lightning | cold | thunder | wind |